Sexual Satisfaction and Related Factors among Iranian Married Women, 2017

@#Introduction: Sexual satisfaction is one of the important factors in marital satisfaction that affects couples' health and quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine sexual satisfaction and its related factors among married women in Shahroud, northeast of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 and 500 married women were evaluated using Larson Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using chi-square, one-way ANOVA and a multiple regression model. Results: The mean age of the participants was 32.8 (SD= 8.7) years, and the length of the marriage was 11.05 (SD= 9.1). Among the participants, 4.4% (N=22) had low sexual satisfaction; 37.8% (N=189) had moderate satisfaction. The bivariate analysis showed significant relationships between sexual satisfaction and variables including age, husband's age, length of marriage, number of children, education, husband's education and income (p<0.001). The regression analysis also indicated significant relationships between sexual satisfaction and education (P=0.006), length of the marriage (P<0.001) and income (P=0.005). Conclusion: Socio-economic variables such as education and income are among the main factors related to sexual satisfaction. However, counseling couples on sexual issues after marriage can help improve their sexual satisfaction.

Relationship between oral temperature and sleepiness among night workers in a hot industry

Night work can have a significant impact on health, well-being, performance and occupational safety of workers. Night workers often complain about the sleep disorder characterized by excessive sleepiness. The aim of the study was to determine the level of sleepiness among night workers and investigate its relationship with oral temperature in a hot industry. This cross-sectional study involved 80 night workers. Stanford Sleepiness Scale [SSS] has been used to measure the level of sleepiness. Oral temperature and SSS were recorded at different hours of night shift [23 pm to 4 am] for two consecutive nights. The analysis of results showed that there was a positive linear trend in the sleepiness scale [Pvalue<0.001] and an increasing trend in the oral temperature between 23pm and 1am. Then a decreasing trend has been observed after 1am for both of them [Pvalue <0.001]. Comparison of the results for two nights indicated that the mean sleepiness index in the second night is higher than the first [Pvalue <0.001], but the mean oral temperature in the second night was equal to that in the first night. Findings suggest a weak negative association between sleepiness and oral temperature. [r=-0.24, Pvalue =0.03]. A substantial proportion of subjects were working while sleepy, especially at late night and early morning hours. The combination of heat stress and sleepiness can lead to impaired performance. The growing amount of sleepiness index indicates the high risk of sleep disorders and the other possible problems related health among night shift workers

Association of subjective and interpretive drowsiness with facial dynamic changes in simulator driving

Background: Major injuries and death in accidents have roots in drowsiness. Sleepiness is a main result of insufficient sleep. It is vital to explore drowsiness and its level. There are various sorts of methods in the forms of subjective and objective approaches. The goal of this study was to detect the association of subjective and interpretive drowsiness with facial dynamic changes

Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Virtual Reality Lab, in Khaje-Nasir Toosi University of Technology, Tehran Iran on 40 drivers in 2015. Facial Dynamic changes [eyes, mouth and eyebrows], Karolinska Sleepiness Scale [KSS] and Observer Rating of Drowsiness [ORD] were applied. The neural network and Viola-Jones were utilized for facial characteristics detection. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 21

Result: Thirty-four drivers got drowsy during the test. They were selected randomly among suburban drivers at the age in a range of 26 to 60 yr old. Descriptive statistics of the dynamic changes in eyebrows, mouth and eyes showed that these features were of meaningful changes with respect to the level of drowsiness during driving. A relationship between the dynamic changes of facial features and ORD was recognized. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between facial expression and drowsiness [P<0.05]

Conclusions: Results of KSS and ORD illustrated that there were dynamic changes in eyes and mouth and eyebrow parameters while driver felt sleepy. This research is helpful in a way that specific changes in elements of face could be effective to provide tools to predict drowsiness

Persistent of neck/shoulder pain among computer office workers with specific attention to pain expectation, somatization tendency, and beliefs

Neck and shoulder pains are the prevalent complaints among computer office workers. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of Somatization tendency, expectation of pain, mental health and beliefs about causation of pain with persistence of neck/shoulder pains among computer office workers. This research is a kind of prospective cohort study with 1-year follow-up. It has done among all eligible computer office workers of Shahroud universities [n = 182] in 2008-2009 and 1-year later. Data were collected using the Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data through SPSS [P < 0.05]. At the baseline 100 [54.9%] of participants reported neck/shoulder pains and at follow-up 34.3% of them reported persistence pains. Significant relationships were found between persistence of neck/shoulder pains and negative expectation about pain in next 1-year P = 0.002, [odds ratio [OR] =8.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1 -32.9] and Somatization tendency P = 0.01, [OR = 6.5, 95% CI: 1.6-27.4]. Pain expectation and Somatization tendency recognized as associated risk factors of persistent neck/shoulder pain among computer operators. This confirmed some other similar studies on work-related musculoskeletal disorders in Europe countries in recent years

Descriptive Study of Occupational Accidents and their Causes among Electricity Distribution Company Workers at an Eight-year Period in Iran

BACKGROUND: Occupational accidents are unplanned events that cause damage. The socio-economic impacts and human costs of accidents are tremendous around the world. Many fatalities happen every year in workplaces such as electricity distribution companies. Some electrical injuries are electrocution, electric shock, and burns. This study was conducted in an electricity distribution company (with rotational 12-hour shift work) in Iran during an 8-year period to survey descriptive factors of injuries. METHODS: Variables collected included accident time, age of injured worker, employment type, work experience, injury cause, educational background, and other information about accidents. RESULTS: Results indicated that most of the accidents occurred in summer, and 51.3% were during shift work. Worker negligence (malpractice) was the cause of 75% of deaths. Type of employment had a significant relationship with type of injuries (p < 0.05). Most injuries were electrical burns. CONCLUSION: High rate of accidents in summer may be due to the warm weather or insufficient professional skills in seasonal workers. Shift workers are at risk of sleep complaints leading to a high rate of work injuries. Acquiring knowledge about safety was related to job experiences. Temporary workers have no chance to work all year like permanent workers, therefore impressive experiences may be less in them. Because the lack of protective equipment and negligence are main causes of accidents, periodical inspections in workshops are necessary.

Assessing the ultraviolet exposure level in welding workers of sar-cheshmeh copper complex

Because of being exposed to a wide range of ultraviolet radiations, welders are prone to eye and skin diseases. This study aims at determining the ultraviolet exposure level in welding workers of Sar-Cheshmeh Copper Complex. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010 on all welding workers of the complex using Hagner UV digital radiometer. The mean value for the received ultraviolet radiation level was 0.09 +/- 0.045 j[2]/cm[2]. The level of UV exposure was significantly different [p=0.001] for the welders working in different units of the complex. The mineworkers received the highest level of radiation [0.14 j[2]/cm[2]]. In this study, the ultraviolet exposure of welding workers is below the allowable threshold limit for UV radiation

Investigation of the prevalent fall-related risk factors of fractures in elderly referred to Tehran hospitals

Prevalence of fall-related mortality is rising in the elderly population. Falling is one of the causes of the murderous and non-murderous injuries in the elderly population which can lead to disability, dependence and decline of quality of life. Fractures constitute a major part of the fall-related injuries. The present study is designed to investigate the prevalence of fall-related risk factors of fractures in the Iranian elderly population. This descriptive study was performed on 240 elderly adults [aged 72.24 +/- 8.81 years] referred to Tehran hospitals in 2011 with wrist, femoral and proximal humeral fractures, using a questionnaire designed for this purpose. Ninety four [39.2%] cases were males and 146 [60.8%] were females. Slipping was the most prevalent mechanism of falling with the rate of 26.9% followed by falling from height and falling outdoors. Femur was the most frequently injured site [57.5%] while wrist and humerus were the next sites to be injured. Only 7.5% of the cases lived in a safe environment while in 37.2% and 55 .2% cases, home environment was partly safe and non-safe, respectively. Fall-related fractures in the studied population is related to cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders, low level of physical activity and ignorance of safety principles but, the prevalence of neurologic diseases and drug and alcohol abuse, which have been mentioned as relevant risk factors in some studies, was very low in this population

Parasitic contamination of raw vegetables in Shahroud, Semnan

Given the importance of healthy vegetables, the present study was conducted to determine parasitic infection of vegetable consumed in Shahroud. This cross-sectional study has been conducted on 92 samples of various vegetables collected from 16 vegetable growing farms and 1 vegetable process workshop. Sixty two percent of tested vegetables lacked parasites and the highest amount of parasites observed [34.78%] was related to Giardia lamblia. A significant relationship was observed between parasite and having toilets in the farms as well as the extent of farms. Safety of fertilizers consumed by farms and healthy fruits can have an effective role in reducing the parasitic infections.

[Effect of telephone counseling on continuity and duration of breastfeeding among primiparus women]

Breast milk provides many healthy nutrients to infants. Support provided by health care provider has positive effects on duration of breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of telephone counseling on continuity and duration of breastfeeding among primiparus women. This clinical trial was conducted on 140 primiparus women referred to the selected health centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2010. The participants were randlomly allocated into two equal groups [each: 70 indviduals]. The participants in the intervention group received telephone counseling by one of the researchers. The control group received routine care. Data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic characteristics and a breastfeeding check list. Exclusive breastfeeding rates were recorded one and three months after childbirth in both groups. Also, the continuity and duration of exclusive breastfeeding were recored three months after childbirth in both groups. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, standard logistic regression and linear regression in the SPSS-16 and the Win Pepi. The average duration of exclusive breastfeeding in the intervention group [8.05 +/- 3.99] was significantly more than the control group [6.23 +/- 4.03] [P=0.008]. In the third month of delivery, continuity of exclusive breastfeeding in the intervention group was more than the control group [P=0.03]. Results also showed that telephone counseling was effective in the duration of exclusive breastfeeding [P=0.02]. Telephone counseling was effective in continuity and duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Using this inexpensive and easy method can help to increase exclusive breastfeeding, especially in primiparus women

[Family physician: the mutual satisfaction of physicians and health care team members]

Employee satisfaction is an important issue that can have a powerful effect on motivation levels. This study aimed at determining the level of satisfaction in family physicians and health care team members and factors influencing it in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. This applied study was conducted in a cross sectional frame in 2011. Sample size included all physicians [25] and all health care providers [224] who were working in health centers involved in family medicine projects. Separate self-questionnaire was filled by physician, assistances and other health care providers. Data was analyzed with SPSS software using Independent-samples t test, Chi square, One-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Post hoc multiple comparisons test was Tukey. Family physicians covered about 96464 people. Mean of general satisfaction score in physicians was 97.2 +/- 15.5 that indicated medium satisfaction. There was no significant relation between physicians' general satisfaction and age, gender, marriage, acquaintance in family medicine and number of people that they covered. However, there was significant relation between family physicians satisfaction and the number of rotation during the project period, satisfaction of knowledge and skill, and cooperation of health care provider. In addition, there was significant difference among different professions and distance of health center from center of town. As family physicians are leaders of health care provider teams and considering their medium level of satisfaction, it is essential to give this group full attention in order to promote their motivation. In addition, it is crucial to consider coordination and staff problems and their instruction